| Lead Concentrates (Feed Materials) | Lead Concentrate (Galena) | PbS | Primary raw ore; main source of lead for smelting. |
| Lead Ash / Lead Fines | Oxidized lead compounds | Recovered from incineration or refining dust; reused as secondary feed. |
| Bag Filter Dust / ETP Dust | Mixed PbO, PbSO₄, etc. | Collected from air pollution control systems. |
| Battery Scrap / Battery Paste | Pb, PbO, PbSO₄ | Secondary source from used lead-acid batteries. |
| Lead Dross / Slag | Metallic residues | By-product reused as feedstock for re-melting. |
| Mixed Non-Ferrous Scrap | Pb, Sn, Sb alloys | Used for alloy production. |
| Lead Compounds (Intermediate or Refined) | Lead Monoxide (Litharge / Massicot) | PbO | Produced during oxidation; used in glass, ceramics, and batteries. |
| Lead Dioxide | PbO₂ | Active material in batteries; product of electrochemical oxidation. |
| Red Lead (Minium) | Pb₃O₄ | Pigment and intermediate oxide used in paints and batteries. |
| Grey Oxide (Battery Oxide) | Pb + PbO mixture | Manufactured for lead-acid battery paste. |
| Lead Sulfide | PbS | Natural mineral; forms intermediate matte during smelting. |
| Lead Sulfate | PbSO₄ | Found in battery scrap; forms during desulfurization. |
| Lead Carbonate (White Lead) | PbCO₃ | Used in pigments and ceramics (limited modern use). |
| Lead Chloride | PbCl₂ | By-product of refining and gas cleaning reactions. |
| Lead Silicate | PbSiO₃ / Pb₂SiO₄ | Component of slag formed with silica flux. |
| Lead Nitrate | Pb(NO₃)₂ | Laboratory reagent; occasionally used in refining chemistry. |
| By-Products of Smelting & Refining | Soft/Hard/Antimonial/Copper Dross | Metal-rich skimmings | Collected from refining kettles; recycled for metal recovery. |
| Furnace Slag | Silicate & oxide mixture | Waste or reprocessable residue from smelting. |
| Flue Dust / Bag House Dust | Fine oxides & sulfates | Captured via air filtration; recycled. |
| Matte (Sulphide Matte) | Pb, Cu, S compounds | Intermediate product formed during smelting. |
| Residue / Bottom Ash | Non-metallic remainder | From refining or combustion; for recovery or disposal. |
| Scrubber Sludge / ETP Sludge | Pb compounds with reagents | Collected from effluent and gas treatment units. |
| Metallic Fumes / Condensates | PbO, Sb₂O₃, SnO₂ vapors | Recovered in cooling systems. |
| Alloy Residues | Tin-, Antimony-rich residues | From alloy refining or casting operations. |
| Associated Metals / Trace Elements | Antimony | Sb | Alloying element; adds hardness. |
| Tin | Sn | Alloying element; improves casting and corrosion resistance. |
| Copper | Cu | Trace element in refining and alloys. |
| Silver | Ag | Valuable trace metal; sometimes recovered. |
| Arsenic, Bismuth, Zinc, Cadmium | — | Present in trace amounts in concentrates and residues. |
| Commercial Lead Derivatives | Red Lead (Pb₃O₄) | — | Used in pigments, batteries, and glass. |
| Grey Oxide (PbO) | — | For battery paste and chemical industries. |
| Litharge (PbO) | — | Used in glass, ceramics, and stabilizers. |
| Lead Ingots (Pure / Alloyed) | — | Final refined product for industrial applications. |
| Lead Dross & Slag | — | Recyclable materials for recovery. |
| Lead Ash / Filter Dust | — | Reprocessed to extract metallic lead. |
